Criminology (364)

beccaria becker behavior benefits biological centre cesare chicago cities citizen classical cohen conflict crime crimes criminal criminals criminologist criminology critical cultural culture current delinquency delinquent deviance deviant disorganization dream ecology economic environment factor hayward hirschi interactionism italian journal justice lacassagne laws london merton neighborhoods norms opportunities penology perspective portal positivism positivist poverty powerful prevention punishment rational reduce reduction routine routledge science social sociological sociologist sociology strain structure studies subcultural suggested surveillance symbolic theories urban youth